Federal pre-trip inspection requirements for Commercial Driver's License holders operating commercial motor vehicles, ensuring DOT compliance and safety.
Engine Compartment Inspection
Check engine oil level using dipstick and inspect for excessive leaks under vehicle.
Verify coolant level in reservoir and inspect radiator, hoses, and connections for leaks.
Check power steering fluid level if equipped and inspect for leaks in system.
Verify windshield washer fluid level is adequate for cleaning requirements.
Inspect drive belts for proper tension, alignment, and absence of cracking or fraying.
Ensure radiator cap is secure and all cooling system hoses are intact without damage.
Check battery terminals for cleanliness and security if accessible for inspection.
Cab & Driver Controls
Adjust driver's seat to proper position and verify it locks securely in place.
Test seat belt for proper function and inspect webbing for cuts or fraying damage.
Check steering wheel for secure mounting with free play less than 2 inches.
Test all dashboard gauges and warning lights during engine startup sequence.
Verify horn operates at adequate volume for traffic safety requirements.
Test windshield wipers and washer system for effective operation in all modes.
Ensure all driver controls are accessible, functional, and properly labeled.
Air Brake System Testing
Build air pressure from 85 to 100 PSI within 45 seconds with engine at fast idle.
Test system for air loss: less than 2 PSI in 1 minute with engine off and brakes released.
Verify low air warning activates at or above 60 PSI during pressure reduction test.
Test parking brake valve operation: knob pulls out smoothly and pushes in properly.
Perform service brake test: brakes hold vehicle firmly on incline with steady pedal pressure.
Check for unusual brake pedal feel, noises, or vehicle pulling to one side during braking.
Inspect air brake components for visible damage, leaks, or loose connections.
Lighting Systems & Reflectors
Test headlights on both high and low beam settings for proper illumination and aim.
Check front turn signals for amber color and proper flash rate operation.
Verify front clearance and identification lights are operational and visible.
Test tail lights for red color visibility from required regulatory distances.
Confirm brake lights activate immediately when service brake pedal is depressed.
Test turn signals and hazard flashers for proper operation on all sides of vehicle.
Inspect all reflectors for cleanliness, proper color coding, and absence of damage or cracks.
Tires & Wheel Assembly
Measure front tire tread depth to ensure minimum 4/32 inch depth across tire width.
Check rear tire tread depth for minimum 2/32 inch depth with even wear patterns.
Inspect all tires for cuts, bulges, exposed cords, or other structural damage.
Verify all lug nuts are present, properly tightened, and show no rust streaking patterns.
Examine wheel rims for cracks, damage, bending, or other structural integrity issues.
Check for oil or grease leaks from wheel hubs, axle seals, or bearing assemblies.
Ensure proper tire inflation pressure according to manufacturer specifications and load requirements.
Suspension & Steering System
Check air suspension system maintains proper ride height when vehicle is loaded appropriately.
Inspect shock absorbers for fluid leaks and verify secure mounting without damage.
Examine springs or air bags for structural integrity without cracks or other damage.
Test tie rod ends and steering linkage components for security without excessive play.
Inspect steering gearbox or rack for secure mounting and absence of excessive fluid leaks.
Check power steering reservoir fluid level and inspect system for major leak sources.
Verify steering response is smooth without binding, unusual effort, or erratic behavior.
Mirrors, Windows & Visibility
Adjust left and right side mirrors for optimal visibility and check mounting security.
Clean all mirrors and inspect for cracks, damage, or missing reflective surfaces.
Position cross-view mirrors correctly if equipped for pedestrian and cyclist visibility.
Clean windshield thoroughly and inspect for cracks within driver's critical field of vision.
Check side windows for adequate visibility and proper ventilation operation if needed.
Verify emergency exit windows are clearly marked with visible instructions and operational.
Ensure no obstructions block driver's view of roadway, mirrors, or instrument panel.
Emergency Equipment & Safety Devices
Locate fire extinguisher, verify proper mounting, full charge, and current inspection date.
Check availability of spare electrical fuses if required, ensuring correct amperage ratings.
Verify warning devices such as reflective triangles or approved flares are accessible.
Test emergency exits for clear marking, proper operation, and unobstructed access.
Check passenger doors for smooth operation, proper sealing, and safety interlocks.
Inspect handholds and stanchions for security and absence of sharp edges or damage.
Verify first aid kit is present, properly stocked, and easily accessible if required.
Exhaust System & Frame
Inspect exhaust pipe and muffler for secure mounting without excessive corrosion or damage.
Check exhaust system for leaks that could allow fumes to enter passenger compartment.
Verify exhaust outlet directs fumes away from air intake or passenger areas.
Examine vehicle frame and cross members for cracks, bends, or other structural damage.
Check frame mounting points and brackets for security and absence of stress fractures.
Inspect body panels for secure attachment and structural integrity without loose sections.
Verify fuel tank mounting is secure with no visible leaks or damage to tank or lines.
Documentation & Final Steps
Complete Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) documenting all findings and defects.
Record vehicle identification, odometer reading, date, time, and driver information.
Note any defects that affect safety or could lead to breakdown during operation.
Mark vehicle as satisfactory for operation or out-of-service if defects are present.
Report all safety defects to motor carrier management before operating vehicle.
Ensure required vehicle documents including registration and permits are current and accessible.
Sign and date inspection report, retaining copies as required by FMCSA regulations.